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FLACILLA
our.. Flaccus was also the author of a work entitled Saturnus, or Saturnalia (Macrob. Saturn, i. 4, 8), and of another, De Obscuris Catonis, on the archaisms used by Cato the Censor: the second book of which is cited by A. Gellius (xvii. 6). Besides the preceding references, Flaccus is quoted by Gellius (v. 17, 18), who refers to the fourth book, De Significatu Verborum^ of Flaccus, while discussing the difference between history and annals (see also xvi. 14, xviii. 7), and by Macrobius (Saturn, i. 10, 12, 16). Flaccus is cited by Pliny in his <Elenclios (H. N. 1), or summary of the materials of his Historia Naturalis, generally (Lib. i. iii. vii. viii. xiv, xv. xviii. xxviii. xxix. xxxiii. xxxiv. xxxv.), and specially, but without distinguishing the particular work of Flaccus which he consulted (ff. *V, vii, 53, s. 54, mortes repentinae; viii. 6, elcphantos in circo ; ix. 23, s. 39, praetextatos mu-raenarum tergore verberatos; xviii. 7, s. 11, far P. Rom. victzts; xxviii. 2. § 4, Deorum evocatio ; xxxiii. 3. § 19, Tarquinii Prisdaurea tunica ; 16,
7. § 36, Jovis fades minio illita). Flaccus is also referred to by Lactantius (Instit. i. 20), by Arno-biiis (adv. Gent. i. 59), and by Isidorus (Orig. xiv.
8. § 33). But the work which more than any other embodies the fragments of an author, whose loss to classical antiquity is probably second only to that of Varro, is the treatise, De Verborum Sig- nificatione) of Festus. Festus abridged a work of the same kind, and with probably a similar title, by Verrius Flaccus, from which also some of the extracts in Gellius and Macrobius, and the citations in the later grammarians, Priscianus, Diomedes, Charisius, and Velius Longus, are probably taken. Of this work of Flaccus, a full account is given under festus. (Sueton. III. Gramm. 17 ; K. 0. Mliller, Praefatio ad Pompeium Festum^ Lips. 1839.) [W. B. D.]
FLACCUS, VESCULA'RIUS, a Roman eques in the confidence of the emperor Tiberius, to whom he betrayed Scribonius Libo in a. d. 16. [DRUSUS,No.lO.] It is uncertain whether the Ves- cularius condemned by Tiberius in a. d. 32 be the same person, some MSS. reading Atticus, others Flaccus, as the cognomen. (Tac. Ann. ii. 28, vi. 10.) [W. B. D.]
FLACILLA, or FLACCILLA, AE'LIA (in Greg. Nyss. IlA^KiXXa, in Chron. Alex. 3>AaKKjA.-Aa), first wife of Theodosius the Great. Several moderns infer from an obscure passage in Themis-tius (Oral. xvi. De Saturnino)^ that she was the daughter of Antonius, who was consul A. d. 382, biit this is very doubtful. She appears to have been born in Spain (Claudian, LausSerenae^ vs. 69), md to have had a sister, the mother of Nebridius, who was married after a.d. 388 to Salvina, daughter f Gildo, the Moor. ( Hieron. Epist. ad Salvin. vol. iv. i. 663, ed. Benedict.) Flaccilla had at least three hildren by Theodosius,—namely v Arcadius, born ibout A. d. 377? Honorius, born a.d. 384, both afterwards emperors; an4 Pulcheria, who was appa-ently born before 379, as Claudian (Laus Seren. 13, 136) intimates that Theodosius had more han one child when raised to the throne. This Pulcheria died before her mother, and Gregory ^yssen composed a consolatory discourse upon the ccasion. Some have supposed that she had anther child, Gratian, but without reason. (Ambros. De Obitu Theodos. Oratioj where see note of the Benedictine editors.) Flaccilla herself died a. d. J85, at a place called Scotoumiri, in Thrace, and
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FLAMINiNUS.
Gregory Nyssen, composed a funeral discourse for her. All writers conspire to praise Flaccilla for her piety, and charity, and orthodoxy, and she has been canonized in the Greek Church. (Greg* Nyss. Orat. Funeb. pro Flaccilla ; Theodoret, Hist. Eccl. v. 19 ; Themist. De Human. Theodos. Imp.; Sozom, Hist* Eccles. vii. 6; Chron. Alex. v. Pas chal, p. 563, ed. Bonn.; Tillemont, Hist, des Emp* vol. v. pp. 143, 192, 252.) [J. C. M.J
COIN OP FLACCILLA,
FLAMEN, Q. CLAU'DIUS, praetor b.c. 209, the eleventh year of the second Punic war. His province was the Sallentine district and Tarentum, and he succeeded M. Marcellus in the command of two legions, forming the third division of the Roman army, then in the field against Hannibal. (Liv. xxvii. 21, 22.) He was propraetor b.c. 20 7» and his command was prolonged through the next year, (xxvii. 43, xxviii. 10.) In 207, while Flamen was in the neighbourhood of Tarentum, his out posts brought in two Numidians, the bearers of letters from Hasdrubal at Placentia to Hannibal at Metapontum. Flamen wrung from them the secret of their being entrusted with letters and then despatched the Numidians, strongly guarded, with the letters unopened to the consul, Claudius Nero. [nero.] The discovery of the letters saved Rome ; for they were sent to apprise Hannibal of his brother's presence in Italy, and to arrange the junction of their armies. [W. B. D.]
FLAMINIA GENS, plebeian. During the first five centuries of'Rome no mention is made of any member of the Flammia Gens. The name is evidently a derivative from flamen, and seems to have originally denoted a servant of a flamen, (Paul. Diac. s. vv. Flaminius Camillus, Flaminius Lictor.) In former times the Flaminii were believed to be only a family of the Quintia gens; but this opinion arose from a confusion of the Flaminii with the Flaminini, the latter of whom belonged to the ancient patrician Quintia gens. The only family names of the Flaminia gens that we know are chilo and flamma. There is no evidence for the cognomen Nepos, which Orelli (Onom. Tull. ii. p. 254) gives to the Flaminius who fell in the battle at lake Trasimenus. [L. S.]
FLAMININUS, a family-name of the patrician Quintia gens. 1. K. quintius flamininus, was one of the duumviri, who, in b. c. 216, were ordered to contract for the building of the temple of Concordia, which had been.vowed two years before by the praetor, L. Manlms. (Liv. xxii. 33.)
2. L. quintius flamininus, was created augur in b. c. 212. (Liv. xxv. 2.)
3. L. quintius flamininus, a brother of the great T. Quintius Flamininus, was curule aedile in b. c. 200, and the year after was invested with the city praetorship. When his brother Titus, in b.c. 198, undertook the war against Philip of Macedonia, Lucius received the command of the Roman fleet, and had to protect the coasts of Italy. He first sailed to Corcyra, and having met his fleet near the island of Zama, and received it from his predecessor, L. Apustius, he slowly proceeded to Malea, and thence to Peiraeeus, to joiu
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